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Concepts of Mass in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy

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Le trône de fer : les livres de la saga A Song of Ice and Fire de George RR Martin

Le trône de fer est une immense saga d’héroïque fantasy qui s’inspire de la série des Rois maudits de Maurice Druon. C’est au début des années 1990 que Georges R.R. Martin commence à écrire Le trône de fer, le premier volume est publié en 1996. En 2007, la chaine de télévision HBO acquiert les droits d’adaptations. L’auteur lui-même participe à sa production et écrit le scénario d’un épisode par saison. 

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Dossier

Le livre numérique fête ses 50 ans : un anniversaire, tout en histoire

Certains membres du Projet Gutenberg, célèbre plateforme dédiée à la préservation d'ouvrages du domaine public, ont décidé de sortir les bougies. L'ebook célèbre ses 50 années – né en 1971 ! – qu'il n'a effectivement pas l'air d'avoir. Si le grand public l'a découvert avec les premières liseuses, ActuaLitté, en partenariat avec ces passionnés, retrace une histoire de l'ebook. Un dossier exceptionnel.

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Dossier

Pass Culture : l'accès aux oeuvres et aux loisirs pour les jeunes

Proposition culturelle centrale du programme culturel du candidat Emmanuel Macron au cours de la campagne de 2017, le Pass Culture se présentait comme l'opportunité, pour les jeunes de 18 ans, de se saisir de leur citoyenneté et de leur liberté pour découvrir la richesse culturelle de leur territoire, ainsi que la diversité de la production culturelle. Ce sont ainsi 500 € qui seront « offerts » à chaque jeune, le jour de ses 18 ans, et qu'il pourra utiliser à travers une application conçue sur mesure pour le Pass Culture.

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Festival Un week-end à l'Est : 2022, Odessa de l'espace

Un week-end à l’Est a été initié par Vera Michalski et Brigitte Bouchard en 2016 avec deux objectifs : raviver la vie culturelle dans le Quartier Latin et créer des passerelles entre les cultures. Cette année, il place la ville d’Odessa au cœur des rencontres, qui se dérouleront à Paris, du 23 au 28 novembre — littérature, cinéma, arts visuels, débats et concerts sont au programme.

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En série ou en film, les adaptations de livres crèvent l'écran

Le Parrain, Les Dents de la merRaisons et sentiments, Le Seigneur des Anneaux, la saga Harry Potter, Le Nom de la Rose, Orange mécaniqueVol au-dessus d'un nid de coucou, Le GuépardLettre d'une inconnue... Tous ces films ont un point commun, celui d'être des adaptations de romans ou de sagas littéraires...

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Dossier

Game of Thrones, des livres de George R.R. Martin à la série HBO

Né en 1948 aux États-Unis, George R.R. Martin écrit au départ pour créer de nouvelles histoires mettant en scène les super-héros Marvel, puis pour tuer le temps, alors qu'il peine à trouver un emploi dans le secteur du journalisme. Petit à petit, il devient un auteur confirmé de nouvelles de science-fiction. Après avoir commencé une carrière comme scénariste de séries télévisées, il commence, au début des années 1990, à rédiger une saga de type fantasy, intitulée A Song of Ice and Fire et traduite en français sous le titre Le Trône de Fer.

Extraits

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Histoire et Philosophiesophie

Concepts of Mass in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy

The concept of mass is one of the most fundamental notions in physics, comparable in importance only to those of space and time. But in contrast to the latter, which are the subject of innumerable physical and philosophical studies, the concept of mass has been but rarely investigated. Here Max Jammer, a leading philosopher and historian of physics, provides a concise but comprehensive, coherent, and self-contained study of the concept of mass as it is defined, interpreted, and applied in contemporary physics and as it is critically examined in the modern philosophy of science. With its focus on theories proposed after the mid-1950s, the book is the first of its kind, covering the most recent experimental and theoretical investigations into the nature of mass and its role in modern physics, from the realm of elementary particles to the cosmology of galaxies. The book begins with an analysis of the persistent difficulties of defining inertial mass in a noncircular manner and discusses the related question of whether mass is an observational or a theoretical concept. It then studies the notion of mass in special relativity and the delicate problem of whether the relativistic rest mass is the only legitimate notion of mass and whether it is identical with the classical (Newtonian) mass. This is followed by a critical analysis of the different derivations of the famous mass-energy relationship E = mc2 and its conflicting interpretations. Jammer then devotes a chapter to the distinction between inertial and gravitational mass and to the various versions of the so-called equivalence principle with which Newton initiated his Principia but which also became the starting point of Einstein's general relativity, which supersedes Newtonian physics. The book concludes with a presentation of recently proposed global and local dynamical theories of the origin and nature of mass. Destined to become a much-consulted reference for philosophers and physicists, this book is also written for the nonprofessional general reader interested in the foundations of physics.

01/2000

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Non classé

Methods and Techniques of Mathematical Physics

Selected topical problems of mathematical physics are being dealt with by emphasizing methodical aspects. For this reason also questions regarding mathematical model building are being discussed. The book contains the papers presented at the Conference in Oberwolfach organized by Prof. Dr. B. Brosowski and Prof. Dr. E. Martensen. The contributors are the following renowned mathematicians and physicists : Rainer Kress, Peter Jochum, Miloslav Feistauer, Eberhard Halter, Jürgen Scheurle, R.E. Kleinmann/G.F. Roach, Hermann Sohr, Horst Lange, Erik B. Hansen, Rainer Colgen, Johann Baumeister, Zdenek Vlasek, Ulrich Elsaesser, Zdzislaw Domanski, and R. Rautmann.

12/1981

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Histoire et Philosophiesophie

Thinking about Physics

Physical scientists are problem solvers. They are comfortable "doing" science: they find problems, solve them, and explain their solutions. Roger Newton believes that his fellow physicists might be too comfortable with their roles as solvers of problems. He argues that physicists should spend more time thinking about physics. If they did, he believes, they would become even more skilled at solving problems and "doing" science. As Newton points out in this thought-provoking book, problem solving is always influenced by the theoretical assumptions of the problem solver. Too often, though, he believes, physicists haven't subjected their assumptions to thorough scrutiny. Newton's goal is to provide a framework within which the fundamental theories of modem physics can be explored, interpreted, and understood. "Surely physics is more than a collection of experimental results, assembled to satisfy the curiosity of appreciative experts," Newton writes. Physics, according to Newton, has moved beyond the describing and naming of curious phenomena, which is the goal of some other branches of science. Physicists have spent a great part of the twentieth century searching for explanations of experimental findings. Newton agrees that experimental facts are vital to the study of physics, but only because they lead to the development of a theory that can explain them. Facts, he argues, should undergird theory. Newton's explanatory sweep is both broad and deep. He covers such topics as quantum mechanics, classical mechanics, field theory, thermodynamics, the role of mathematics in physics, and the concepts of probability and causality. For Newton the fundamental entity in quantum theory is the field, from which physicists can explain the particle-like and wave-like properties that are observed in experiments. He grounds his explanations in the quantum field. Although this is not designed as a standalone textbook, it is essential reading for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, professors, and researchers. This is a clear, concise, up-to-date book about the concepts and theories that underlie the study of contemporary physics. Readers will find that they will become better-informed physicists and, therefore, better thinkers and problem solvers, too.

01/2000

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Non classé

Approximation and Optimization in Mathematical Physics

This volume contains the papers on approximation and optimization in mathematical physics presented to the 10th Conference on "Methoden und Verfahren der Mathematischen Physik", held on February 21-27, 1982 at the "Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach".

12/1983

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Histoire et Philosophiesophie

FEARFUL SYMMETRY. The Search for Beauty in Modern Physics

Fearful Symmetry brings the incredible discoveries of contemporary physics within everyone's grasp. A. Zee, a distinguished physicist and skillful expositor, tells the exciting story of how today's theoretical physicists are following Einstein in their search for the beauty and simplicity of Nature. Animated by a sense of reverence and whimsy, the book describes the majestic sweep and accomplishments of twentieth-century physics. In the end, we stand in awe before the grand vision of modern physics-one of the greatest chapters in the intellectual history of humankind. "Fearful Symmetry tells the story of modem physics and contemporary physicists in a most understandable and vivid way. It makes the 'fearful' symmetry simple and accessible, and the burning tigers lively and human. An excellent rendition and an outstanding achievement." -T. D. Lee, Nobel Laureate in Physics "To a layman like myself, totally unversed in modern theoretical physics, Zee's book comes as an illumination. Once having grasped the idea of symmetry as an aesthetic and intellectual principle, I found myself, under his guidance, contemplating aspects, of the design of the universe of which I never had the faintest glimmer." -John Rupert Martin, Marquand Professor of Art and Archaeology, Princeton University "A small gem we can see deeply into with small effort and great pleasure." -Robert Schrieffer, Nobel Laureate in Physics

01/1999

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Histoire et Philosophiesophie

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN

More than ever before Japan is committed to becoming a science and technology-oriented nation. With the challenge of the Asian economic crisis in the late 1 990s, there is pressure on the Japanese economy to change. Japan continues to turn to science and technology to safeguard its future, but there is more than one path to follow. A team of three leading scholars in the field explore the dynamic relationship between science, technology and Japanese society, examining how it has contributed to economic growth and the well-being of the Japanese people. They ask if there is anything distinctively Japanese about Japanese science, in terms of both its development and application. This book presents a synthesis of recent debates by juxtaposing competing views about the role and direction of science, technology and medical care in Japan. Much of the book looks at government policy, the role of the private sector, and the response of concerned citizens. Other topics discussed include computers and communication, quality control and the automobile industry, the aerospace industry, the environment, consumer electronics, changes in medical care, and the role of gender. Part I explores the features of the Japanese model of research and development. It differentiates between basic and applied research and considers the question of cooperation versus competition in national R&D projects. Part 2 focuses on the relevance of science and technology to economic growth, and Part 3 examines the impact of globalisation on the flow of science and technology in and out of Japan. Part 4 critiques the concept of 'national interest', arguing that supposed national goals are often determined by powerful institutional or corporate groups with particular vested interests. This book is an ideal introductory text for students in the sociology of science and technology, the history and philosophy of science, and Japanese studies. Up-to-date research and contemporary case studies make this an invaluable resource for readers interested in the nature of science and technology in the twenty-first century.

01/1999

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