A Study of English Nautical Loanwords in the Russian Language of the Eighteenth Century

Clashing Cultures is an anthropological study of the Annang, an ethnic people of Southern Nigeria. The book provides a succinct historical and ethnographic description of the impacts of various cultural and religious influences upon the Annang people and the transformations that have taken place as a result. The consideration of Christianity's influence on the Annang is part of the broader historical and anthropological picture. Although it is an academic work, Clashing Cultures is also a living text. It reflects the evolving culture of the Annang regarding issues such as marriage, male/female roles and supernatural beliefs. The book deals with ritual as a practice that produces meaning, by means of images and metaphors in an unfolding drama. It looks at how the Annang extract meaning from themselves, their bodies, their gestures, their actions in social, spatial and historical contexts. The book creates a "time-oriented anthropology" in which local processes are mirrored in the context of larger ones.

His name is Patrice X. Thiry. He is 48 years old. In 2000, he founded his start-up : ProwebCE. In 2017, he sold it to Edenred for 300 million euros. This is his story and the one of his teams.

This study investigates Sudermann's plays from a socio-historical and literary-historical perspective. His plays are a response to a crisis of marriage. That crisis had its roots in the Romantic period and came to a head when the conservative Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch was introduced in 1900. Of particular significance is Es lebe das Leben (1902). The manuscripts of this play reveal that here Sudermann moved from a Realist treatment of marital difficulties to an exploration of the crisis of the realist literary system and a search for a Modernist treatment of divorce. His plays on marriage, divorce, courtship and the problems of single men and women constitute a sustained attempt to modify or at times radically to challenge the presentation of marriage in the Realist literary system.

Gerhart Hauptmann's relationship to Naturalism has repeatedly been a subject of controversy. To clarify his position, this study analyses both published and unpublished opinions of his contemporaries within Naturalism. Following an outline of Naturalism based on the authors' own views of the often conflicting concepts related to the movement, emphasis is placed upon Naturalist critical response to Hauptmann's early works and upon the works of other Naturalist dramatists in relation to Hauptmann, underlining the authors' dependence upon his dramas as a model for literary success.

In 1953, two young scientists sparked a revolution. James Watson and Francis Crick deduced the molecular composition of DNA and immediately realized that the structure implied how genes were copied and passed on from one generation to the next. Their observation had extraordinary consequences; the discovery of a genetic code; the ability to alter an organism's genetic make-up; new ways of fighting disease; and the means of cloning plants and animals. Nobel Prize-winner, James Watson, has long been a commentator on DNA science and its implications for society. In essays and lectures he delivered dispatches from the front lines of the revolution. Collected here is a selection of these outspoken and topical pieces, mingling with memoirs of distinguished former colleagues, advice for young scientists, and a pointed account of Germany's troubled historical relationship with genetics. Augmented by elegant commentaries from the distinguished molecular biologist Walter Gratzer, this volume portrays the thoughts and work of an intellectual leader of the twentieth century.

This book demonstrates that the encounter between Christianity and various African cultures gives rise to a number of problems for Africans who become Christians. It draws attention to certain traditional African beliefs and practices that seem to be incompatible with Christianity and create problems for Africans who embrace Christianity. Against this background it argues for the need to inculturate Christianity. It contends that in this exercise African Christianity can learn from the attempts at inculturation found in the New Testament times and in the early church. It offers examples of how the early church sought to make use of non-Christian categories of thought and elements in its articulation of the Christian message and in worship. It suggests a few areas of Ghanaian and African life where inculturation could and should take place. These include funeral rites, widowhood rites, child-naming rites, the rites of marriage, libation and christology. It concludes by offering some guidelines for use in the process of the inculturation of Christianity in Africa today.

De superbes photographies de chiens dans des voitures. Enfant, le photographe Martin Usborne a été une fois laissé dans une voiture. Ce ne fut pas pour longtemps, mais il se demanda si quelqu'un reviendrait. Vers le même âge, il est tombé amoureux des chiens - ils ne pouvaient pas parler, tout comme il se sentait silencieux dans cette voiture. Trente ans plus tard, les deux expériences se sont réunies dans ce projet cinématographique et humoristique sombre qui examine la façon dont les humains sont capables de faire taire les animaux qu'ils aiment le plus. Aucun chien n'a été blessé lors de la réalisation de ce projet.

Renowned to this day for its Sanctuary of Apollo, the island of Delos was a flourishing trading port in antiquity that drew both Greeks and foreigners to its shores for commercial purposes. Many exotic deities - some hailing from the east and others, introduced by the Italian community, from the west - were worshipped on the island. Among these foreign divinities, the Egyptian gods figured prominently, and their first appearance can be dated to the 3rd century BC. The spread of Egyptian-Greek cults beyond the Nile Valley favoured the worship of the goddess Isis. While the goddess was the object of great devotion on Delos as elsewhere, it was actually the god Sarapis who was at the centre of a pantheon forming a triad with Isis and Anubis, joined by Harpocrates, Ammon and Osiris.

The Policies and Politics of Pope Pius XII delves into the diplomacy of the most controversial pope of the twentieth century : Pius XII (pontificate, 1939-1958), "Advocate of Appeasement" to some and "Apostle of Peace" to others. Disagreement prevails on his quest for peace, recourse to impartiality during the Second World War, and relative public silence during the Holocaust. His abandonment of impartiality to play a prominent role in the Cold War has contributed to the charges and counter-charges leading to what has been deemed the "Pius War." Unfortunately, a good deal of the literature published by the defenders and denigrators of this papal diplomacy has shed more heat than light. In this book, Frank J. Coppa, who has written on numerous controversial figures including Pius IX (pontificate,1846-1878), seeks to objectively explore the origins and rationale of Pius XII's diplomacy during the war, the Nazi genocide, and its aftermath.

Queen Vispa and King Dungammei are the beloved rulers of their respective kingdoms. The two territories live in harmony, sharing a temple that crosses their mutual border, but they pray to different gods and have little in common outside of geography. The monarchs seem an unlikely pair, but when each violates the rules of the temple - one by entering the temple as a woman, and the other by praying to the other kingdom's god - both find themselves abandoned by their people, deciding soon after to declare the approval and presence of both gods in their hearts, as well as their love for each other. The King and Queen's subjects also abandon the shared temple, leaving it to the disobedient pair and building separate temples in their own territories. The monarchs' happy life together is, however, short-lived, as Queen Vispa dies upon giving birth to their child Delarai. The King is urged to repent and return to his kingdom. He complies, leaving princess Delarai with Magi, a nurse from a remote village, to raise her. Delarai rows up in near isolation, far from other people, spending most of her time among flowers and animals of the beautiful temple garden. Meanwhile, battles rage between the two kingdoms following the King's return. Delaware, a son begotten to the King and his next wife, gets badly wounded some years later in an attempt to stop the fighting. On his deathbed, the Prince insists on being taken to the forbidden temple to be buried there. The King, though ill himself, agrees to fulfill his son's dying wish. It is there where Delarai, having become quite an expert at herbal remedies, comes to their aid, preparing a special potion while praying to the temple's two gods in her nurse Magi's native language. As Delarai completes the life-saving act of curing the Prince, she tries to call for Magi, but the word that leaves her lips is "magic". Those who witness the event soon spread the word, and Delarai becomes recognized across both kingdoms as the creator of magic. The King, however, succumbs to old age, imparting his last kernel of wisdom unto his daughter : the two temple gods are one and the same. With this knowledge and their newfound inner strength, Delarai and Delaware unify the two kingdoms, and live happily ever after.

Cuckoos and cowbirds are amongst the select bird groups renowned as professional parasites, who always lay their eggs in the nests of other species. Occasional parasitic laying is also widespread in many other birds, who gladly parasitise the nests of their own kind when the opportunity arises. In this fascinating new book, Nick Davies describes the natural histories of all the brood parasites and examines the exciting questions they raise about the evolution of cheating and the arms race between parasites and their hosts. Brood parasites fill their armoury with adaptations including exquisite egg mimicry, rapid laying, ejection of host eggs, murder of host young, chick mimicry and manipulative begging behaviour: ploys shown by recent research to have evolved in response to host defence behaviour or through competition among the parasites themselves. While many host species appear defenceless, accepting parasite eggs quite unlike their own, others are more discriminating against odd-looking eggs and some have evolved the ability to discriminate against odd-looking chicks as well. How does this arms race proceed? Will defenceless hosts improve their armoury in time, or are there sometimes constraints on hosts which allow the parasites to gain the upper hand? And why are so few species obliged only to lay eggs in host nests? Have host defences limited the success of brood parasitism, or is it in fact much commoner than we suspect, but occurring mainly when birds parasitise the nests of their own kind? All of these puzzles are examined in descriptions of the natural history of each of the groups of parasites in turn. Here is a book with wide appeal, both to amateur naturalists fascinated by this most singular and macabre of behaviours and to ornithologists and ecologists interested in the evolution of ecology and behaviour. The story takes us from the strange tales of folklore to the classic field work earlier this century by pioneer ornithologists such as Edgar Chance, Stuart Baker, Herbert Friedmann and others, through to the recent experimental field work and molecular techniques of today's leading scientists. We visit brood parasites in Europe, Asia, Japan, Africa, Australasia, and North and South America, to look at some of the world's most interesting birds and sortie of biology's most interesting questions, many of which still beg answers from ornithologists in the future. Brilliant illustrations by David Quinn depict many behaviours for the first time and convey the thrill of watching these astonishing birds in the wild.

In view of the importance of measles and the scarcity of resources in developing countries a cost-benefit study of measles immunization was carried out in the Southern Province of Zambia. It was concluded that economic benefits can only be expected from a measles immunization programme in urban areas with 24 hours electricity supply while in rural areas it would be an additional economic burden. Less thermolabile measles vaccines and/or a more reliable cold chain might make the extension of measles vaccination programmes to rural areas more economic.

This book reconstructs fundamental aspects of family organization across historical Poland-Lithuania, one of the largest political entities in early modern Europe. Using a plethora of quantitative measurements and demographic microsimulation, the author captures and elucidates the complex patterns of leaving home and life-cycle service, marriage and household formation, along with domestic group structures and living arrangements among different subpopulations of Poland-Lithuania, highlighting a variety of ways in which these patterns were nested in their respective local and regional contexts. By showing that at the end of the 18th century at least three distinct family systems existed in the Polish-Lithuanian territories, Szo ? tysek challenges a number of orthodoxies in the ‘master narratives' on the European geography of family forms of F. Le Play, J. Hajnal, P. Laslett, and their followers. Volume two of the book contains an extensive bibliography along with a thorough archival documentation of the census-like microdata used in the book, and provides detailed information on their quality and further technicalities pertaining to data analysis.

Julien VERMEULEN : Hugo Claus à New York (1959) In 1959-1960, Hugo Claus spent six months in the US, Mexico and Cuba. In the course of his trip he wrote down a number of impressions and experiences which he later turned into a cycle of poems, entitled "Reportage" (1961). In terms of contents and style these poems differ from his previous work. Claus now uses a style which is less hermetical : apart from this remarkable transparency, a wide range of ironic expressions, ambivalent idioms, contrasting registers and playful characterisations constitute a lexicological diversity. The great number of assonances and the use of non-literary text registers also characterize these poems. In this way this cycle anticipates later work in which Claus systematically applies diverse collage techniques. The poems "N. Y. 1" and "N. Y. 2" are also an exceptional testimony of the feelings of isolation and vulnerability of the lyrical "I". In 1959-1960 bracht Hugo Claus zes maanden door in de VS, Mexico en Cuba. Tijdens zijn verblijf noteerde hij enkele indrukken en ervaringen die hij later in de gedichtenreeks "Reportage" (1961) uitwerkte. Inhoudelijk en stilistisch wijkt deze poëzie af van zijn vroeger werk. Claus hanteert hier immers een stijl die minder hermetisch is : naast een opmerkelijke transparantie constateren we ook lexicografische diversiteit met allerlei ironische en ondermijnende dubbele bodems, kritische en contrastieve registers, ludieke en spottende typeringen. Ook het grote aantal assonanties en het gebruik van niet-literaire tekstregisters karakteriseren deze gedichten. In die zin anticipeert deze cyclus op zijn later werk waarin hij talrijke collagetechnieken op een systematische wijze toepast. De openingsgedichten "N. Y. 1" en "N. Y. 2" getuigen ook op een uitzonderlijke wijze van het isolement en de kwetsbaarheid van de ik-figuur. Sarah BEEKS : Masscheroen ou trois messieurs nus. L'engagement artistique de Hugo Claus dans les années soixante In the spring of 1968 Hugo Claus was officially charged with public indecency. The fact that he had staged three naked men in his play Masscheroen, could not be tolerated by to the conservative judiciary in Flanders. The lawsuit caused a great fuss within the artistic milieu : art and literature had regularly been censored and something had to be done. Inspired by the activist élan of May '68, Claus and his colleagues chose to act upon their artistic commitment. Through cheerful happenings and poetic protest evenings they fought for the autonomy of art and literature. In het voorjaar van 1968 werd Hugo Claus aangeklaagd wegens openbare zedenschennis. In zijn toneelstuk Masscheroen had hij drie naakte mannen laten optreden en dat kon volgens de conservatieve rechterlijke macht in Vlaanderen niet door de beugel. De zaak leidde tot veel ophef binnen het artistieke milieu : kunst en literatuur werden eind jaren zestig veelvuldig gecensureerd en dat werd niet langer geaccepteerd. Aangestoken door het activistische elan van mei '68 besloten Claus en zijn collega's zich artistiek geëngageerd te tonen. Door middel van vrolijke happenings en poëtische protestavonden bevochten zij de autonomie van kunst en literatuur. Pieter VERSTRAETEN : Le corps du Christ. Le roman A propos de Dédé et le catholicisme Hugo Claus's short novel Omtrent Deedee [With regard to Deedee], which appeared in 1963, can be read in a variety of ways. In general, two slightly antagonistic interpretative models have been dominant so far : whereas the early literary analysis by Julien Weverbergh focuses on the symbolic dimension of the story, a commentator such as Bert Vanheste emphasizes the novel's connection with contemporary social discussions, such as the debates on the democratization of Catholic faith in the context of Vaticanum II (1962-1965). In this article I want to further develop the latter perspective by reading the book primarily as a commentary on Catholic faith, understood in its institutional as well as its ideological dimensions. In particular, I focus on the kind of priesthood the main character Deedee is embodying, on the relation between the priest Deedee and the young homosexual Claude, who seems to represent an alternative kind of priesthood, and on the process of transubstantiation, which plays a major role in all this. Finally, I relate the motif of transubstantiation to Claus's conception of meaning and symbolism. It appears that the religious sacrament as well as the signifying process are based on the interaction between the concrete and material on the one hand and the abstract and ideal on the other. In the end, in Omtrent Deedee, both categories are unmasked as mere social constructs, failing to do what they promise : restoring an original, sacral union or wholeness. Van Hugo Claus' korte roman Omtrent Deedee, verschenen in 1963, zijn heel verschillende interpretaties mogelijk. Grosso modo staan daarbij twee verschillende lectuurmodellen tegenover elkaar. Terwijl de vroege analyse van Julien Weverbergh vooral inzet op de symbolische dimensie van het verhaal, vraagt iemand als Bert Vanheste expliciet aandacht voor de betrokkenheid van de roman op contemporaine maatschappelijke problemen, zoals de discussies rond de democratisering van het katholieke geloof die plaatsvinden in de context van Vaticanum II. In dit artikel wil ik dat tweede perspectief verder uitwerken door Omtrent Deedee in de eerste plaats te lezen als een commentaar op het katholieke geloof, zowel op de institutionele als op de ideologische dimensie ervan. Ik focus daarbij op de aard van het priesterschap van het hoofdpersonage Deedee, op de relatie tussen de geestelijke Deedee en de jonge homoseksueel Claude, die een alternatieve priesterrol op zich neemt, en op het sacrale proces van de transsubstantiatie, dat bij dit alles een cruciale rol lijkt te spelen. Tenslotte verbind ik het motief van de transsubstantiatie met Claus' visie op betekenis en symboliek. Zowel het religieuze sacrament als het proces van betekenisgeving zijn immers gebaseerd op de interacties tussen het concrete en materiële enerzijds en het abstracte en ideële anderzijds. Finaal worden beide categorieën in Omtrent Deedee ontmaskerd als louter sociale constructies die er niet in slagen hun belofte waar te maken en een oorspronkelijke, sacrale eenheid en heelheid te herstellen. Tom SINTOBIN : Raconter en bafouillant, bafouiller en racontant. Traumatisme et narrativité chez Hugo Claus In this article two novels by Hugo Claus are analysed from the perspective of Trauma theory : Desire (1978) and The sorrow of Belgium (1983). Trauma destroys an individual's life-narrative and results in a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. In Desire it is Didi that seems to suffer from it : she lost her human identity and her awareness of time, she is barely able to speek - which means that she has lost the plot that can give her life meaning and coherence. The reader is never told what exactly is the matter : all he gets are flashes, which are not sufficient to tell him the whole story. Moreover, he is confronted with the fact that the language of the novel is very ambiguous. These two characteristics - the unability to get to a fullblown story and the loss of language - the reader shares with a PTSD-patient, which suggests that this novel has a performative aspect : the reader lives through the same drama as that of the characters. In The sorrow of Belgium, uncle Omer is confronted with a malfunctioning language and ability to narrate. His problem manifests itself in repetition and in misunderstandings due to the ambiguity of words. The reader encounters exactly the same problem at the end of the novel, when a passage that seemed rather superficial at first sight in reality turns out to be full of meaning. However, there are characters in this novel whom one would expect to be traumatised that nevertheless do not show the typical characteristics. Above all the father, Staf, talks endlessly about the terrible things that happened to him, even so much that the members of his family are no longer interested. The feeling of the "surplus" of narratives, that are as a consequence not healing any more but aim at hiding something, is a feeling shared by the reader while he is reading this strange novel, which gets in its turn a performative aspect. In dit artikel worden twee romans van Hugo Claus, Het verlangen (1978) en Het verdriet van België (1983) bestudeerd vanuit het perspectief van traumastudies. Daarbij wordt een trauma gedefinieerd als datgene wat het levensnarratief van een individu vernietigt, met een Post Traumatic Stress Disorder tot gevolg. In Het verlangen blijkt Didi's pathologie daar nogal wat kenmerken van te hebben : ze is haar menselijke identiteit kwijt, haar tijdsbesef is ontregeld, ze kan amper nog spreken - zij heeft dus niet langer de beschikking over een levensnarratief dat haar bestaan zinvol en coherent kan maken. De lezer verneemt echter nooit precies wat er aan de hand is : hij krijgt slechts flitsen te zien en komt niet tot een sluitend verhaal. Bovendien wordt hij ermee geconfronteerd dat de taal van de roman wel heel meerzinnig wordt. Deze beide kenmerken - het onvermogen om tot een verhaal te komen en het verlies van taal - deelt de lezer met een PTSD-patiënt, zodat het verhaal in overdrachtelijke zin performatief is geworden : de lezer ondervindt het drama van de personages aan den lijve. Ook in Het verdriet van België komt er een personage voor wiens taal en verhalend vermogen hapert : Nonkel Omer. Zijn aandoening uit zich onder meer in herhaling en in misverstanden door dubbelzinnige woorden en blijkt ook de lezer parten te spelen wanneer die zich tegen het einde van de roman met een ogenschijnlijk anekdotische maar in werkelijkheid uitermate beladen passage geconfronteerd ziet. Nochtans zijn er ook personages waarvan men zou kunnen aannemen dat ze getraumatiseerd zijn zonder dat ze de kenmerken van een PTSD vertonen : vooral vader Staf vertelt honderduit over wat hem is overkomen, zelfs in die mate dat zijn verhalen niet meer interessant gevonden worden door zijn huisgenoten. Het gevoel van de overdaad aan verhalen, die niet langer heilzaam zijn maar iets verbergen, maakt zich ook van de lezer meester bij zijn lectuur van deze vreemde roman. Het verdriet van België heeft zodoende op zijn beurt iets performatiefs. Dirk VAN HULLE : Claus et la narratologie exogénétique. La cognition externe (extended mind) et les notes de lecture autour du Chagrin des Belges This article combines genetic criticism with a post-Cartesian approach to cognitive narratology, notably to the examination of literary evocations of the fictional mind. The case study is the genesis of Hugo Claus' novel Het verdriet van België. The exogenetic analysis of two extant notebooks shows how the author's reading notes contribute not just to the fictional cosmology of the novel, but also to the cognitive cosmology of the characters' 'extended' minds. The article argues that for Claus, as for many twentieth-century authors, the materiality of the avant-texte served as a cognitive model for the evocation of the workings of the fictional mind. Dit artikel combineert tekstgenetisch onderzoek met een post-Cartesiaanse benadering van de cognitieve narratologie, in het bijzonder het onderzoek naar vormen van literaire bewustzijnsrepresentatie. De gevalstudie is de genese van Hugo Claus' roman Het verdriet van België. Uit de exogenetische analyse van twee bewaard gebleven notitieboeken blijkt hoe de lectuurnotities bijdragen, niet alleen tot de fictionele kosmologie van de roman, maar ook tot de cognitieve kosmologie van personages en hun "extended mind" . Het artikel argumenteert dat voor Claus, net als voor heel wat twintigste-eeuwse auteurs, de materialiteit van de avant-texte heeft gefungeerd als cognitief model voor literaire bewustzijnsrepresentatie. Malgorzata DUBROWSKA : Die mythische Welt Anna Seghers'. Literarische Bilder aus dem französischen Exil Alongside her journalistic undertakings, literary works by Anna Seghers left trajectories of her residence as an immigrant in France between the years 1933-1941. In her literary works, the writer often depicted in a metaphorical way the world of immigration experiences : Sense of instability, isolation, life intimidations and also consciousness of replication of the immigrant' destiny. She brought a universal literary vision that corresponded to the biblical tradition and the world of the Greek and Roman mythologies. The author of this article, based on the selected literary works of Anna Seghers that were created in France, catalogues the universal experiences of the existence of the human kind, that in Seghers' works become mythical. Les textes littéraires d'Anna Seghers, qui complètent son activité publicistique, où elle décrit d'une manière métaphorique ses expériences d'expatriée, en disent long sur les années de son exil en France (1939-1941). La précarité, l'isolement, le danger de mort et la conscience de réitération de l'existence d'exilé font naître une vision littéraire universelle qui puise tant dans la tradition biblique que dans les mythologies grecque et romaine. A travers les textes littéraires retenus, issus de la période française, l'auteur de la présente contribution tente de concrétiser cette expérience atemporelle de l'existence humaine à laquelle Seghers donne une dimension mythique.

Few artists of this century have exercised so wide an influence as Paul Klee (1879-1940). He was one of the most inventive and prolific of the modern masters, working in a dozen different styles, each of which he made uniquely his own, so that a work from his brush is unmistakable in any style. The forty-eight full-page colour plates in this book illustrate the unparalleled way in which he combined unrivalled imaginative gifts with supreme technical and formal proficiency, from the playfulness of such early pictures as Red and White Domes to the more threatening, bitter satire of the later work. Accompanying the plates are extensive notes and an authoritative introduction, which discusses Klee's life and the development of his thought and achievement. Douglas Hall is the former Director of the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh and an acknowledged expert on the art of Paul Klee. His essay on the artist, first published in 1977, bas here been revised, expanded and updated, to make this an invaluable introduction to an extraordinary painter.

Peintre et graveur relativement méconnu de la fin du XIXe siècle, Odilon Redon est pourtant un grand nom parmi les symbolistes français, au même titre que Gustave Moreau, dont il s'estimait néanmoins très différent. Ce qui est certain, c'est que Redon fut très tôt réfractaire au Naturalisme qui triomphait alors. Odilon Redon vous emmènera "aux confins du monde imperceptible", aux frontières du rêve et de l'ésotérisme. Languages : Fr. En. ---------- A relatively unknown painter and engraver at the end of the 19th century, Odilon Redon is nevertheless a great name among the French symbolists, in the same way as Gustave Moreau, from whom he nevertheless felt very different. What is certain is that Redon was very early on resistant to the Naturalism that was triumphant at the time. Odilon Redon will take you "to the borders of the imperceptible world", to the borders of dreams and esotericism.

Fast Darkness III is the last part of the trilogy Fast Darkness, 2020-2022. Written in 2022, it is a 16 minutes long virtuosic, wild, and overgrown exploration. Fast gestures, drawn by a sharp pen and loaded with excited energy inform the listener of a large universe that they are enveloping. Just like an entangled climbing branch may give a sense of the house it is climbing on, the energy-laden gestures in Fast Darkness III, reveal the presence of the universe they are enveloping. This revelation never comes to be heard in the piece, but hopefully, it is an after-effect of it. Chaya Czernowin Instrumentation : flute, clarinet, piano, violin, viola, cello

In itself, partitocracy can be simply defined as a political regime where power is - in an excessive degree - in the hands of political parties. In Belgium, partitocracy has perhaps reached its highest level of elaboration, with complex interactions between citizens, candidates and elected representatives, parties as well as parliaments and governments. The Winter of Democracy : Partitocracy in Belgium aligns a dozen of scientific contributions that tackle the mutltifaceted concept of partitocracy from multiple perspectives. The book also celebrates the academic career of Lieven De Winter, almost five decades of a rich research commitment that spanned both at Université catholique de Louvain and at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, as well as across numerous institutions, projects and networks all around Europe. Lieven De Winter has significantly contributed to the study of all dimensions that constitute the core object of this book : Partitocracy in Belgium.

Hybrid or fully online ? Synchronous or asynchronous ? Unimodal, bimodal, comodal or multimodal ? The all-out development of distance learning has led to the creation of appropriate digital systems, either by using what was already in place (such as video conferencing classrooms and web conferencing software supporting virtual classrooms) or introducing innovative environments (such as immersive telepresence classrooms). To use these versatile, multi-functional technologies, teachers need to take a step back to enable them to adapt their teaching methods and offer learners a suitable environment that overcomes physical and geographical distances. As for students, the need to "be there" and "be together" while learning remotely has to be taken into account to maintain their commitment and ensure they continue to contribute, despite the fact they are apart. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown us the importance of the professional, collegial and friendship connections we have with those we usually meet face-to-face in a traditional classroom. Telepresence systems enable all these people to come together remotely (and synchronously) and make it possible to use active teaching methods, driven by the self-regulation of the learners. But what is telepresence ? Do teachers need any special training ? How do you attend lessons remotely ? How do participants learn in a telepresence setting ? What type of student assessment can be used in such an environment ? The result of international collaboration, this short guide looks at these questions from both a research and a practical perspective, inviting you to explore telepresence teaching and learning.

This collection of essays explores ways in which early and late examples of literary journalism from England, France, Spain, Portugal and the United States interpolate the aesthetics of war reporting on various fronts and at divergent times in Africa's history, both reproducing and deconstructing the widespread colonial discourse that lies behind nearly every war, campaign, coup, assassination and pogrom that has scarred the continent over the past century. Although often a product of that colonial discourse, the literary journalism examined in this collection was motivated at least in part by the desire to expose the power imbalances that upheld it. Among the primary sources included in this volume are texts by Henry Morton Stanley, Ramón J. Sender, Martinho Simões, Frederick Forsyth, Kurt Vonnegut, Ryszard Kapuscinski, Philip Gourevitch, Jean Hatzfeld and a host of foreign correspondents from Le Monde. Incorporating a wide range of international critical perspectives, this book assesses the impact literary journalism has had on various nations' literary war reporting emanating from colonialist and postcolonialist conflicts and how those stories might help to reconfigure certain historical legacies, journalistic heuristics and literary representations of Africa in the 21st century. By presenting excerpts from several primary sources alongside a contextual gloss and a scholarly essay, the collection highlights the varied effects produced when literary techniques were fused with factual war reporting.

In modern industrial society, the tic between science and technology seems clear, even inevitable. But historically, as James E. McClellan III and Harold Dorn remind us, the connection was far less apparent. For much of human history, technology depended more on the innovation of skilled artisans than it did on the speculation of scientists. Technology as "applied science," the authors argue, emerged relatively recently, as industry and governments began funding scientific research that would lead directly to new or improved technologies. In Science and Technology in World History, McClellan and Dorn offer an introduction to this changing relationship. McClellan and Dorn review the historical record beginning with the thinking and tool making of prehistoric humans. Neolithic people, for example, developed metallurgy of a sort, using naturally occurring raw copper, and kept systematic records of the moon's phases. Neolithic craftsmen possessed practical knowledge of the behavior of clay, fire, and other elements of their environment, but though they may have had explanations for the phenomena of their crafts, they toiled without any systematic science of materials or the self-conscious application of theory to practice. Without neglecting important figures of Western science such as Newton and Einstein, the authors demonstrate the great achievements of non-Western cultures. They remind us that scientific traditions took root in China, India, and Central and South America, as well as in a series of Near Eastern empires, during late antiquity and the Middle Ages, including the vast region that formed the Islamic conquest. From this comparative perspective, the authors explore the emergence of Europe as a scientific and technological power. Continuing their narrative through the Manhattan Project, NASA, and modern medical research, the authors weave the converging histories of science and technology into an integrated, perceptive, and highly readable narrative. "Professors McClellan and Dorn have written a survey that does not present the historical development of science simply as a Western phenomenon but as the result of wide-ranging human curiosity about nature and attempts to harness its powers in order to serve human needs. This is an impressive amount of material to organize in a single textbook." - Paula Findlen, Stanford University

The meaning that nurses assign to experiences with medication errors is examined within the framework of an interpretative research design. Nurses' concrete experiences provided the data. Discourse analysis as the nucleus of the analytic tools employed is described and exemplified in the context of this phenomenologically based study. The decisions made in such situations as addressed here have moral implications on personal, institutional, and professional levels. The willingness to be self critical and the readiness to communicate as the two attitudes fundamental to moral decision-making empower nurses to develop a perception of personal and professional integrity. Description, analysis and interpretation of nurses' discourse about medication errors reveal how experiences, when talked about, shapen and influence practice.

The volume is centred on the voices of women belonging to various generations, religious faiths and social classes, and presents a range of possible life courses for women in the Alps during the ancien régime and the early 19th century. Focusing on complex lived experiences that have emerged froma gender-conscious reading of the sources, the contributions illustrate how migration led women to take on roles of responsibility, or to follow their husbands in their careers as artists, traders and businessmen. There also emerges a widespread literacy that is combined with practical skills andknowledge marked by biological, legal and religious preconceptions : features that permeated the communities studied, where ties of family, religion and patronage prevail upon the dichotomy of public sphere/private sphere.

Although the prominence of Matthew's anti-Jewish polemic has been widely recognized in recent years, curiously little attention has thus far been given to the contribution made by chapters 11 and 12 to this theme. Often dismissed as a loose compendium of controversy-stories, this narrative section actually displays a solid, thematic unity dealing with the tragic fact of Jesus'rejection by the covenant people, Israel. Matthew's usually thoughtful style is evident in these chapters as he proceeds in a quite independent manner to clarify the unexpectedly humble nature of the messianic mission, the consequences of its rejection and the identity of the true people of God.

Saisissant par sa taille, sa diversité et ses détails, le monde ne cesse de déciller nos yeux et d'exciter notre curiosité. Depuis les plus anciennes peintures rupestres, les êtres humains considèrent cette Terre comme leur demeure et cherchent à la comprendre. Cet atlas visuel de grande envergure présente les façons les plus passionnantes, créatives et inspirantes d'expliquer le monde à travers l'infographie. Divisé en cinq chapitres, il couvre environnement, technologie, économie, société et culture, pour traduire une partie des aspects les plus complexes de notre monde sous une forme visuelle accessible. Avec plus de 280 graphiques, reproduits en grand format, dont sept dépliants, ce recueil se concentre avant tout sur le début du XXIe siècle, mais inclut aussi des chefs-d'oeuvre plus anciens qui mettent notre situation actuelle en perspective. Nigel Holmes présente l'ouvrage avec un graphisme de son cru, spécialement conçu pour l'occasion, tandis que Sandra Rendgen livre un essai historique illustré qui retrace la manière dont le monde a été étudié et interprété au fil des siècles. Avec ses graphismes d'information issus de Fortune, National Geographic et The Guardian, entre autres références, ce livre n'est pas seulement une vitrine où s'expose la crème de l'infographie, cette branche particulière du design, mais aussi un fascinant condensé de nos cadre et mode de vie.

From an investigation of the way of life of the inhabitants of this little-known region, the author attempts to deduce and evaluate the system of thought which governs, at least implicitly, the life-style of the tribal people in question. The significance of the highly spiritual quality of their mental attitudes is discussed from the philosophical angle.

Hugely ambitious, Titian : Sources and Documents includes all known documents about Titian and his work dating from his lifetime, and all known references to him in contemporary publications. The relevant section of each text is transcribed in full, preceded by a short summary in English, with extensive annotation and, where necessary, a commentary. The intention of this incredible work of scholarship is to provide a comprehensive survey of the surviving historical evidence about Titian and his career. Titian was one of the most famous, successful and long-lived of Renaissance painters. Much of his output was for rulers or institutions whose archives have been in large part preserved, and many of his family papers have also survived. In addition, he was mentioned in more than a hundred and sixty different publications in his lifetime. Although hundreds of the documents about him and his work have been published, usually in specialised publications based on material in a single archive, there have only been two attempts to provide an overview of the entire body of documents and early published references to him, the first by Crowe and Cavalcaselle in 1877, the second by Adolfo Venturi in 1928. These publications were necessarily selective and included transcriptions of only a small part of the material which was used. The collection, amounting to over two thousand nine hundred items, includes not only texts specifically about Titian himself, but also those concerning his siblings and children, his principal assistants and the other members of the Vecellio family already active as painters before his death, as well as inscriptions on paintings and prints. In addition to texts dating from Titian's lifetime, the collection includes all biographical material published before 1700 and all other texts that could realistically be thought to reflect first- or second-hand anecdotal information about him. The particular strengths and limitations of the principal early printed sources and the circumstances in which they were produced are discussed in a substantial introduction, which also includes an overview of the main archival collections consulted in the preparation of the book. Most of these are in Italy, but others are in Spain, Austria and Germany. New transcriptions are provided for the great majority of the documents that have previously been published, and many hitherto unknown documents have been included. Consideration is given also to documents now known only via secondary sources, and to fake documents, of which a significant number were produced in the past two centuries.

Anthony Speelman is the doyen of English art dealers specializing in Dutch Golden Age art. Vividly written and handsomely illustrated, his memoirs offer fascinating insight into the sometimes secretive world of Old Masters. This book will appeal not only to dealers, collectors and others in the fine art world, but also to would-be collectors eager for a glimpse behind the curtain. These memoirs cover a lifetime of dealing in Old Masters at the very highest level. Speelman's career started under the guidance of his father Edward, whose own biography has much to tell. Over the years, Speelman has sold paintings to many of the world's greatest collectors, including Norton Simon, Paul Mellon, Baron Thyssen, Harold Samuel, Charles Clore and the Wrightsmans in New York, along with world renowned museums such as the Getty, the Louvre and the National Gallery, London, among many others. He writes about his encounters with these eminent bodies in a light-hearted style, sometimes amusing, always extremely interesting - including an anecdote about a recent meeting with a Chinese billionaire with a penchant for fine wine. The two monkeys in the title refer to two paintings of a monkey holding a peach by George Stubbs, the outstanding English animal painter. Anthony describes how he discovered one of these masterpieces as a 'sleeper' in a Sotheby's sale. Early in his career Anthony's rooms in Piccadilly were broken into and a number of paintings stolen, including a George Stubbs painting of a spaniel. An intriguing tale follows, ending with the paintings recovered some eighteen months later after a failed blackmail attempt on the part of the thieves. Amongst his accomplishments, Speelman was for many years chairman of the vetting committee at the annual Maastricht art fair. He describes the working of the committees which ensure that all works exhibited are correctly described. Still active in the art world, he is currently chairman of the vetting committee of the prestigious annual Masterpiece art fair in London. Other chapters detail Speelman's travels to California, New York and Paris, his interest in gastronomy and his thrilling adventures in the world of horseracing. The book is beautifully illustrated with examples of works that have passed through the author's hands. The wide range of illustrations is not limited to Dutch art and includes works by Canaletto, Stubbs, Raphael, Tiepolo, Melendez and other Old Masters.

Goya (1746-1828) is one of Spain's most famous artists and is widely acknowledged as an outstanding painter in the European tradition, often called the last of the Old Masters and the first of the Modems. He is appreciated as a portrait painter; a creator of menacing and melancholy images in oils; a master of enigmatic, satirical and revolutionary drawing and etching; the champion of the Spanish people in their struggle against oppression and the recorder of their life and sufferings in war. This book brings out many of Goya's moods, from the gaiety and tenderness of the tapestry cartoons to the mysterious ferocity of the Black Paintings made in his old age. Enriqueta Harris, former Curator of the Photographic Collection of the Warburg Institute. University of London, is a world-renowned expert on Spanish art. She has curated numerous exhibitions and is the author of Velazquez (Phaidon, 1982).

J'ai la mémoire puissante. J'ai la mémoire longue. Les gens disent que je suis folle de me souvenir. Mais j'ai pas peur de me souvenir. J'essaye de me souvenir tout haut. Je garde mes souvenirs en vie. Je les nourris. Il faut les nourrir sinon ils me rongent. Mes souvenirs remontent à très loin. Je les porte pour bien des gens. Les gens du temps jadis. Je porte leurs souvenirs et je porte les miens. Après la mort d'un ouvrier à Pittsburgh en 1904, un jeune Africain-Américain appelé Citoyen Barlow se présente à la porte de la maison de Tante Ester, un lieu de paix et de fraternité. Il demande à cette ancienne esclave de deux cent quatre-vingt-cinq ans de "laver son âme". Dans une ville en proie aux manifestations ouvrières au début du XXe siècle, le jeune Citoyen devra traverser "la grande eau" et retrouver la "Cité des Os" afin de se réconcilier avec son histoire, celle de sa courte vie et celle de son "peuple".