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Hugely ambitious, Titian : Sources and Documents includes all known documents about Titian and his work dating from his lifetime, and all known references to him in contemporary publications. The relevant section of each text is transcribed in full, preceded by a short summary in English, with extensive annotation and, where necessary, a commentary. The intention of this incredible work of scholarship is to provide a comprehensive survey of the surviving historical evidence about Titian and his career. Titian was one of the most famous, successful and long-lived of Renaissance painters. Much of his output was for rulers or institutions whose archives have been in large part preserved, and many of his family papers have also survived. In addition, he was mentioned in more than a hundred and sixty different publications in his lifetime. Although hundreds of the documents about him and his work have been published, usually in specialised publications based on material in a single archive, there have only been two attempts to provide an overview of the entire body of documents and early published references to him, the first by Crowe and Cavalcaselle in 1877, the second by Adolfo Venturi in 1928. These publications were necessarily selective and included transcriptions of only a small part of the material which was used. The collection, amounting to over two thousand nine hundred items, includes not only texts specifically about Titian himself, but also those concerning his siblings and children, his principal assistants and the other members of the Vecellio family already active as painters before his death, as well as inscriptions on paintings and prints. In addition to texts dating from Titian's lifetime, the collection includes all biographical material published before 1700 and all other texts that could realistically be thought to reflect first- or second-hand anecdotal information about him. The particular strengths and limitations of the principal early printed sources and the circumstances in which they were produced are discussed in a substantial introduction, which also includes an overview of the main archival collections consulted in the preparation of the book. Most of these are in Italy, but others are in Spain, Austria and Germany. New transcriptions are provided for the great majority of the documents that have previously been published, and many hitherto unknown documents have been included. Consideration is given also to documents now known only via secondary sources, and to fake documents, of which a significant number were produced in the past two centuries.

When not familiar with the language itself, most readers over the centuries have had access to the ancient Greek texts only or mostly through (Latin or vernacular) translations. Such an approach is not only indirect and mediated, but also distorted and even impoverishing : meaning then prevails over the linguistic form and substance of the texts themselves. What do later or modern readers read when they read translated texts written in an ancient so-called dead language ? They read a given meaning - sometimes unfaithful, often inaccurate - dictated by a genuine understanding, the blind continuation of tradition, or an untold hidden intention. The complex range of significances conveyed by meaning simultaneously reflects the time and space (called synchrony) of when and where a text has been translated, the historical learning and linguistic skills of the translators, as well as their ideas and style. As a contribution to the perennial debate about translation (mere literary transliteration vs. creative transposition), this volume aims at analyzing some striking cases of various (literary or not) texts translated from ancient Greek showing how much for the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries aesthetics and ideology matter as much as - and often even more than - rigorous philology.

This study of adult second language learning focuses on those aspects of syntactic development which show that the orders in which structures appear reflect principles of behaviour organization in language production. These principles facilitate learning under conditions where attentional capacity is limited. Learning to put the structures of a language into practice is characterised by recurrent orders of "automation through repetition". Orders of emergence may be only indirectly related to orders of acquisition.

This book brings together chapters written by scholars providing a wide interdisciplinary background (anthropology, archaeology, comparative religion, art history, philosophy, and biology). It offers both descriptive data on the way non-Western people conceive what Westerners call "Nature", and philosophical investigations into meaning of this concept in Western thought. The book intends not only to demonstrate how very differently humans think about the elusive concept of Nature, it also tries to show where "primitive" thought and Western philosophy meet.

Like ink to a paper so does a word to the brain On the face it draws its temper and on the back lays its stain Lamentation is a hefty hamper only to those who can't bear the pain When the whim unleashes its thunder there is no time for restrain Then set the quill for plunder and the hand to be morally slain Between the lines lurks the gender what is left is meant to be plain.

The contemporary chronobiology covers increasingly wider areas of not only biological, but also medical sciences. Its development, particularly impressive in recent years, is proportional to the increase in the interest in this fascinating and important field, both in the West and East of Europe. This volume contains selected Proceedings of the 5th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Chronobiology, held in Cracow in 1989. It was the first meeting of European chronobiologists in a communist ruled country.

This text, one of the finest written by Jean-Paul Sartre, dates from 1948 and is the accomplishment of the understanding of poems whose aim was not merely literary. To a large degree, it inaugurated the still lively reflexion on Negritude. This text dealing with liberty wich at that time could only be written or spoken about, has lost none of its virtue in a world where many of the profound demands of the black voice have still to be met.

Jeremy Kay was left heartbroken when his sweetheart from college betrayed him the day he was going to propose to her. However he turned a new page and little did he know what destiny had planned for him... Iris, a carefree wild soul who only believed in her freedom is left mystified when she falls for her best friend. Roy, the 'Casanova' grows fed up of his lavish lifestyle ; suddenly everything becomes so meaningless and he craves for something greater...

George Eliot, Gissing and Meredith are the nineteenth-century British novelists who, in their fiction, made the most significant and substantial use of German material. The function of this material is twofold, relating both to the life presented and to the presentation. An elucidation of the German references adds not only to a fuller understandig of the individual novels, but also of the author's theory and practice of fiction, and of one of the experimental tendencies in the "wide" tradition of the English novel.

In exile one leaves behind the familiar, one becomes a foreigner in a strange place. There are many kinds of exile, and the reasons one seeks a form of escape may differ. You may reinvent yourself and adapt to new circumstances. Throughout this complex process you try to find a way to cling on to your roots. Nostalgia is imminent and sometimes confusing. Each metamorphosis is not only geographic, but also deeply personal. The characters in this collection have confronted exile in their own way.

Old Czech Literature is one of the big unknowns of verbal art in Europe, familiar only to a small number or experts. Here, for the first time within such a frame, the attempt is made to offer a significant selection in both the original and English interlinear translation. This selection spans all the major genres of fiction of Czech medieval (pre-Hussite) literature. All the texts (complete or in excerpts) are introduced and annotated. Introductory bibliographies help the student and interested reader to obtain further information.

Ever since the first international negotiations on climate change in the early 1990s, the European Union has aspired to play a leading role in global climate politics. This book engages in a longitudinal analysis of the EU's participation in and impact on the United Nations climate regime. It provides not only comprehensive insights into the evolution of EU foreign climate policy, but also a thought-provoking audit of the potential and limits of the EU's influence in a major domain of global affairs.

The articles which are published in this volume investigate, on the basis of selected cases of mainly European winners of the Nobel Peace Prize, the meaning of the Prize and the award in the Prize winner's own countries. The case studies, which are mainly of a biographical nature, offer a varied picture with regard to the reactions of public opinion in the respective countries. They consent, however, in so far as the immediate impact of the award was only limited and of short duration.

In these times of increasing public budgetary constraints and of shifting governmental priorities, a keen interest in efficiency problems in higher education can be observed not only in the Federal Republic of Germany, but also in many other Western European countries. Problems of the internal economics of institutions of higher education are an integral part of the economics of higher education ; issues of how to identify and measure inputs and outputs, costs and returns, are clearly related to productivity and efficiency concepts in higher education.

In the last few years contrastive linguistics has experienced a renaissance. In studies of the German and the English language the fragmentation of interests seems to be particularly undesirable. This bibliography attempts to inventory the contrastive studies concerning the two languages including questions of interference, theory and practice of translation and didactics. The bibliography concerns not only researchers, teachers and students at university, but also practicing teachers in schools and adult education, who are interested in an overview of this linguistic discipline (language teachers, teacher trainers etc.).

Camille Pissarro (1830-1903) was not only a central figure in the Impressionist movement, but a major influence on the development of modern art. He was the only artist to exhibit at ail eight of the Impressionist exhibitions between 1874 and 1886, and his letters are a fascinating and invaluable source of information on the theoretical aspects and practical implications of Impressionism. Pissarro's career touched that of an extraordinary number of his contemporaries, to whom he was often a teacher and always a friend. In his early years he worked with Monet; in the 1870s he painted in close friendship with Cézanne; he was a guide for Gauguin, whom he introduced to the Impressionist group; and in the 1880s bc flirted with Neo-Impressionism with Seurat. This marvellously illustrated book charts the evolution of his painting, and celebrates his compositional brilliance, technical skill and innovatory approach. Forty-eight full-page colour plates illustrate the extraordinary quality of Pissarro's work from ail periods, and these combined with Christopher Lloyd's illuminating text constitute a superb introduction to the artist. Christopher Lloyd is the Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures. His essay on Pissarro, first published in 1979, bas been revised and updated, with the addition of commentaries to each plate, written by Amanda Renshaw, and a wide selection of comparative illustrations.

THIS BOOK HAS ONLY ONE PURPOSE: To make the discoveries of Archimedes easily accessible to a wide audience, from anyone with a background in high school algebra to a busy practicing mathematician. Many people have heard two things about Archimedes: He was the greatest mathematician of antiquity and he ran naked from his bath crying, "Eureka, eureka!" Few of us, layperson or mathematician, are familiar with the accomplishments on which his reputation rests. This book describes in detail those astonishing accomplishments: how he developed the theory of the lever and the center of gravity; how he used the center of gravity to study whether a floating object would tip over; how he summed a geometric series and the squares; and how he found the volume and surface area of a sphere. His ability to do so much with the few tools at his disposal is astonishing. He was like a one-person Institute for Advanced Study, making fundamental discoveries in the fields of geometry, mechanics and hydrostatics. The exposition is leisurely and supported by a brief life of Archimedes and some 120 illustrations. Any reader who is aware that the graph of y = x2 is a parabola can follow all the reasoning. Although the book uses only high school mathematics, professional mathematicians will find much here of interest as well.

Here are 45 dazzling, fantastical bird-related designs that offer a unique source of copyright-free inspiration to artists and illustrators. Created by noted designer William Rowe, every element of the designs is derived from bird forms. You'll find flurries of wings, beaks and tails, strange half-bird, half-human creations, kaleidoscopic conglomerations of avian anatomy, bird silhouettes, and many other unusual representations of birds, both familiar and bizarre. Not only a useful archive of design ideas, Bird Fantasy Designs offers wonderful opportunities and challenges to the colorist as well.

In view of the importance of measles and the scarcity of resources in developing countries a cost-benefit study of measles immunization was carried out in the Southern Province of Zambia. It was concluded that economic benefits can only be expected from a measles immunization programme in urban areas with 24 hours electricity supply while in rural areas it would be an additional economic burden. Less thermolabile measles vaccines and/or a more reliable cold chain might make the extension of measles vaccination programmes to rural areas more economic.

This book examines the Brechtian influence on Roger Planchon's three stagings of Brecht's The Good Person of Szechwan (July 1954 ; October 1954 ; December 1958). The meaning of a Brechtian mise en scène is determined by an analysis of the Berliner Ensemble production of the same play (1957). A comparison of these stagings not only reveals the clash between the German and French theatrical traditions but the German mise en scène also provides a point of reference which underlines the similarities and differences between Planchon's and Brecht's staging methods.

L'Australie, la Jordanie, le Tibet, le Rwanda ou, plus près de nous, l'Islande ou l'Italie... Autant de paysages de rêve, de moments d'exception qui nous emportent au bout du monde... Pourtant, toutes les images de ce livre ont été prises en France ! L'illusion est parfaite, le dépaysement assuré. Que ce soit au détour d'une vallée, à l'orée d'une forêt, devant les mers et océans qui bordent notre pays, les photographes de l'agence Only France révèlent la richesse insoupçonnée de nos régions.

The Big Book of Breasts was an immediate best seller when it debuted in 2006. Its 396 pages introduced readers to the top naturally bountiful nude models of the 1950s, '60s and '70s, amazingly mammiferous beauties including Joan Brinkman, Virginia Bell, Roberta Pedon, Mary Waters, Margaret Middleton, Keli Stewart and many more. The one and only complaint was that there was no biographical information on these curvaceous cuties, no lists of their magazines and films to give readers a more intimate connection. We listened, and The Bigger Book of Breasts answers ! Not only are there more pages with all new photos of your favorite big breast models of the '50s through '70s, there are also personal profiles for each and every one. Which model married comedian Richard Pryor ? Who inspired Russ Meyer's first film ? Where are those free Mary Waters loops ? And yes, Roberta Pedon is alive and well ! Further updating the "Bigger" theme, we added the 12 most incredible, natural, and provocative breast models of today, gathered from across the world by Berlin-based photographer, Bernd Daktari Lorenz. Nadine Jansen, Milena Velba, Luna Amor, Valory Irene, Miosotis Claribel and the incredible Hitomi Tanaka prove breasts are bigger than ever, and bigger is beautiful, for both breasts and books. Wrap it up with stunning photos of our original cover girl Kelly Madison and The Bigger Book of Breasts is a bigger treat for all.

The son of Douaouf, the brilliant, scribe of the early XIIth Dynasty Xty " Khety " said this : "The man continues to subsist after reaching the haven of death and his actions are beside him in a heap. " If regression is the main cause of the alarming situation of Africa and its tails the perceptibles consequences at all levels, the solution to this problem is eminently political. It inevitably involves the constitution of a pan-African State. For men, there is no unity without memory of the past. In fact, the construction of a federal state inevitably involves the restoration of African historical consciousness. There is no national and federal identity without a common language. The unification of Africa will only be possible if it takes the measure of its linguistic unification issue. To a lesser extent but like Cheikh Anta Diop in his book titled the Cultural Unity, I was animated throughout this heuristic by the idea that only the true knowledge of the past can maintain the consciousness and the feeling of a historical continuity essential to the consolidation of a nation for the purpose of building a multinational state in line with its past. Like Cheikh Anta Diop, I build my sureness on the legitimate idea that a people who lost a significant part of their historical memory must engage in the investigation of their past in every possible way. This investigation can take the contours of a reconnection with its past through so-called old languages. But a people can not live only with by merely repeating of what others tell them about themselves. The investigation through its linguistic past allows especially a direct knowledge of oneself. In addition to the fact that this knowledge simply highlights its weaknesses, it allows also to become aware by an introspective and therefore reflective of its real abilities and strengths. It structures being and the consciousness of being to resist any form of servile and degrading ideology. This quest for the past, not founded on blind passion but objectivity, nourishes a healthy ambition for a real universalism. To know one's past is already to project one's future. To know one's past is to give oneself the capacity to be able to bring to others in a perspective of giving and receiving. To know one's past is to refuse intellectual guardianship and wait-and-seeism. To know one's past is to be reborn.

The son of Douaouf, the brilliant, scribe of the early XIIth Dynasty Xty " Khety " said this : "The man continues to subsist after reaching the haven of death and his actions are beside him in a heap. " If regression is the main cause of the alarming situation of Africa and its tails the perceptibles consequences at all levels, the solution to this problem is eminently political. It inevitably involves the constitution of a pan-African State. For men, there is no unity without memory of the past. In fact, the construction of a federal state inevitably involves the restoration of African historical consciousness. There is no national and federal identity without a common language. The unification of Africa will only be possible if it takes the measure of its linguistic unification issue. To a lesser extent but like Cheikh Anta Diop in his book titled the Cultural Unity, I was animated throughout this heuristic by the idea that only the true knowledge of the past can maintain the consciousness and the feeling of a historical continuity essential to the consolidation of a nation for the purpose of building a multinational state in line with its past. Like Cheikh Anta Diop, I build my sureness on the legitimate idea that a people who lost a significant part of their historical memory must engage in the investigation of their past in every possible way. This investigation can take the contours of a reconnection with its past through so-called old languages. But a people can not live only with by merely repeating of what others tell them about themselves. The investigation through its linguistic past allows especially a direct knowledge of oneself. In addition to the fact that this knowledge simply highlights its weaknesses, it allows also to become aware by an introspective and therefore reflective of its real abilities and strengths. It structures being and the consciousness of being to resist any form of servile and degrading ideology. This quest for the past, not founded on blind passion but objectivity, nourishes a healthy ambition for a real universalism. To know one's past is already to project one's future. To know one's past is to give oneself the capacity to be able to bring to others in a perspective of giving and receiving. To know one's past is to refuse intellectual guardianship and wait-and-seeism. To know one's past is to be reborn.

This book is a comparative study of Polish psychological verbs. The analysis concentrates on the lexicon-syntax interface of psych verbs, and constitutes an argument in favour of its strong dependence on event structure. The aim of this study is to show that the class of Polish psych verbs, as in many other languages, is not uniform. The analysed subclasses are differentiated on the basis of their causation and stativity. The marriage of those semantic traits and their structural representation is possible only if it is performed via event structure configuration, a layer which appears to underlie the conceptualisation of events.

Scarlet is the colour of sin, and the letter " A " stands for " Adultery ". In the 1600s, in Boston, Massachusetts, love was allowed only between a husband and a wife. A child bore outside marriage was a child of sin. Hester Prynne must wear the scarlet letter on her dress for the rest of her tife. How can she ever escape from this public shame? What will happen to her child, growing up in the shadow of the scarlet letter? The future holds no joy for Hester Prynne. And what will happen to her sinful lover - the father of her child?

Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is an ancient and important root crop and more than 400 million people include taro in their diets. It is grown as a root crop, as a leafy vegetable and sometimes as an ornamental in a wide range of environments. This publication gives general information about Colocasia esculenta and some basic data on related root crop species. It deals with taxonomy, botany, origin and distribution, genetic resources, reproductive biology and problems associated with genetics and breeding. The final goal is to help to revitalize agricultural production, not only of taro, but also of other aroid root crop species.

National Olympic Games were more closely connected with the Ancient Greek ideal than the modern international Olympic Games of de Coubertin. Moreover, such national or regional Olympic Games have not only been precursors for the international Olympic Games but also they have been further developed parallel with the international Olympic Movement - even in the 20th century, in Europe, in North and South America and in Asia. In the emerging nation states of Europe, both before as well as after the turn of the century, these national Olympic Games had a more important function (identity-forming) than the Olympic Games.

This collection of essays by authors in a variety of specialities should demonstrate how, in the Middle Ages, Boethius' texts helped shape the essential concepts of the educated person who underwent a course of the Liberal Arts studies. These essays should be of interest to philosophers, logicians, musicologists, historians of mathematics and ideas and to literary scholars. Not only is each paper written by a known authority in his field, but the collection into one volume shows how closely related these various disciplines were in the principles which Boethius chose as his basis for the Study of the Liberal Arts.

On publication in 1835 Willibald Alexis' Zeitroman Das Haus Düsterweg sparked controversy only to be subsequently ignored by specialists on the Vormärz (1815-48). It has been viewed as an anomaly in Alexis' literary production, but in fact lies at the core of the intellectual interests and formal experimentation of Alexis, the prominent Vormärz author, theorist, critic and journalist. Based on techniques derived from Walter Scott, it anticipates the theory and practice of Gutzkow's "Roman des Nebeneinander". Under the aspect of Zerrissenheit it records and analyzes the psychological and political agony of the contemporary scene.