Synthesis of Inorganic Materials

This book attempts to integrate two lines of research. It joins the tradition of nonlinear macrodynamic models of cyclical growth, in particular the Goodwin/Kaldor/Phillips-type models of persistent fluctuations and limit cycles. Capital deepening and capital widening investment is introduced into models of cyclical growth. This approach is combined with recent neo-Keynesian analysis of wage-price formation and unemployment theory. Unemployment is decomposed in terms of demand deficiencies, job shortages, and the impact of capital-labor substitution. In this way a dynamic analysis of unemployment in terms of Classical, Keynesian and technological elements is obtained. It is shown that different components of unemployment can display their own cyclical frequencies and patterns. In this way the typical long and short term cyclical behavior of unemployment is simulated by an integrated nonlinear model of persistent growth cycles.

Schiller defined the object of beauty as "living form." He explicitly related his thesis to a rationalistic aesthetics of form and to an empiricistic aesthetics of life. First the problem of aesthetic theorizing is treated. In the light of this discussion, respectively, the aesthetics of life, form, and living form are analyzed. First the respective ontological universe of each aesthetic theory is developed, then the aesthetic universe in terms of ontological commitments, and finally the specific interpretation of beauty is outlined.

The kinetic theory of gases is a most fruitful field for mathematical research. This is evident from the multiplicity of mathematical methods used, the originality of the questions posed and the large number of hitherto unsolved fundamental problems. For example, the question of existence and uniqueness of solutions of various non-linear kinetic equations is still a wide open one. Simplified model equations and various approximations therefore assume considerable significance for the understanding of problem structure and for the solution of practical problems.

The rabbis of late antiquity produced a score of exegesis of the Hebrew Scriptures of Ancient Israel ("the Old Testament"), in which they took various approaches to the study and interpretation of what they called "the written Torah". These exegesis, called collectively "Midrash", form an important part of "the oral Torah", that is, the tradition of Sinai formulated and transmitted for memorization and ultimately written down by the ancient sages in the first six centuries A.D. These three volumes present large selections of the Midrash-documents of ancient Judaism, in the translation of Jacob Neusner, who has now translated into English nearly all of the Rabbinic literature of late antiquity. The selections are organized by type, so that readers see the various ways in which, in form and in intellectual program, the documents of Midrash-compilation were formulated and set forth. In this way, the vast body of biblical exegesis put forth by Judaism in its formative age is made available to the contemporary reader.

Comparative in scope and theoretical rather than historical in approach, this study develops new methods for discussion of the rural novel, combining the insights of rural sociologists with those of theoreticians of fiction. The main focus of attention is the nexus of relationships between narrator, characters and community. While recognizing that conflicts of purpose often arise in the rural novel, which may aim both to record a supposedly real community and to suggest a model of social life, this study reaffirms the genre's value as a challenge to unthinking acceptance of a linear model of human progress.

Deixis verges on the borderline of philosophy, semantics and pragmatics. Since no satisfactory theory of deixis has been proposed so far, this book gives a critical examination of the state of the art and suggests a solution within the framework of discourse analysis. The deictic systems of English and Polish are compared in termes of algorithms, which determine the distribution of demonstrative pronouns in the two languages. Many difficulties found in other approaches can be escaped through the application of algorithms accounting for the speaker's choices in his use of demonstratives during the discourse flow.

Primarily an essay in the Sociology of Knowledge, the major thrust of the discussion focuses upon the interaction of cultural, social structural, and social-psychological elements encouraging the shared perception pertaining to the feasibility of interpreting social behavior and the operation of a social system through the application of a positivistic point of departure.

For futures studies and environmentalism the late 1960s and early 1970s were a heyday period of great publicity, and much scientific interest was devoted to them. The study 'Limits to Growth', commissioned by the Club of Rome, has played an important role for the further advancement of these fascinating fields. Each of them in its own way deals with the long term prospects of humankind and desirable future paths of humanity and the globe. This investigation illustrates a very important phase in the development of these two areas and writes a history of ideas and a history of impact of the Limits to Growth debate and other activities of the Club of Rome. It includes information that has so far only been known to a very limited number of directly involved individuals and looks into very recent stages of the sustainable development debate and newest developments of more pragmatic and critical futures studies. For the purpose of this study some 100 interviews have been made worldwide with very well known and often influential individuals. Among them are : Sicco Mansholt, Alexander King, Jan Tinbergen, Robert Jungk, Saburo Okita, Lord Kennet, Johan Galtung, Barry Commoner and Philip de Seynes.

In these times of increasing public budgetary constraints and of shifting governmental priorities, a keen interest in efficiency problems in higher education can be observed not only in the Federal Republic of Germany, but also in many other Western European countries. Problems of the internal economics of institutions of higher education are an integral part of the economics of higher education ; issues of how to identify and measure inputs and outputs, costs and returns, are clearly related to productivity and efficiency concepts in higher education.

The present survey of the critique of mathematical logic in Germany at the turn of the 20th century attempts to answer several interesting questions : How did the contemporary German philosophers see the role and significance of logic ? What kind of relationships did they claim to exist between logic, mathematics, linguistics and psychology ? Pulkkinen starts by giving a historical survey of the development of German logic 1830-1920 as it appears against the background of German academic philosophy. Next he studies the interrelationships between logic and psychology, logic and linguistics, and logic and mathematics. After this the author presents the general features of the reception of mathematical logic in Germany between 1880 and 1920. This is followed by a more detailed account of the arguments of three individual critics : Fritz Mauthner, Heinrich Rickert, and Theodor Ziehen.

"The LORD defends the rights of orphans and widows. The LORD cares for foreigners and gives them food and clothing". "You have to love the foreigner, because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt". Deuteronomy 10 : 18 - 19 HISTORY OF THE FRENCH AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY "CROIRE - SAVOIR - VOULOIR" " Julia's Beautiful Dolls - Holy Paris " represents the Universal name of a new linguistic and pedagogic method, to teach English, French and Spanish, to the children of the Kindergarten and Elementary school. The Collection of Multimedia Books, notebooks of writing, cultural and educational articles are to develop an education of PEACE, to teach the catholic faith with the Catholic History of Art and testimony of Julia. The Collection " JULIA'S BEAUTIFUL'S DOLLS- HOLY PARIS " is an INVENTION created by the Writer and Translator Julia-Josefa-Patricia SANCHEZ Widow of RUIZ, after nine years of "SCIENCES RESEARCES", since the creation of the company, in 2008, in Paris. Julia created this Linguistic Method in French and she make the translation to English and Spanish. The Pedagogical Method of this Collection is to develop the Peace in the World, to make a transfer of the Catholic Faith, to teach the different Cultures, the Moral Universal values, the Interreligious Cooperation and the Harmony between the United Nations. This Collection has been realized religiously, intellectually and manually for Mrs. Julia-Josefa-Patricia SANCHEZ ARELLANO Widow of RUIZ. Julia makes this Collection of Beautiful Dolls, since 1986, the year that she arrived to Paris, to study the French Civilization in the University "La Sorbonne". To have a Collection of Dolls from many countries of the world, was a dream that she has since she was a little girl of 5 years old. Mrs. Julia SANCHEZ works in Research since nine years ago, to develop, to create her Publishing International Company in Paris, she has never received a Subvention of the French Government, not either of the European Commission, or of the Mayor of Paris. In the year 2010, Mrs. Julia Sanchez appeared to the prize " The Don of Science " organized by the Department of the National Education, of the Higher Education and Researches of France and for not communication, she didn't obtain the Prize. In November, 2013, Mrs. Julia Sanchez has deposited the name of her trademark and in November, 2014, she deposited the Patent of her invention to the National Institute of Industrial Property in order to distinguish her invention from other inventions.

"The LORD defends the rights of orphans and widows. The LORD cares for foreigners and gives them food and clothing". "You have to love the foreigner, because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt". Deuteronomy 10 : 18 - 19 HISTORY OF THE FRENCH AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY "CROIRE - SAVOIR - VOULOIR" " Julia's Beautiful Dolls - Holy Paris " represents the Universal name of a new linguistic and pedagogic method, to teach English, French and Spanish, to the children of the Kindergarten and Elementary school. The Collection of Multimedia Books, notebooks of writing, cultural and educational articles are to develop an education of PEACE, to teach the catholic faith with the Catholic History of Art and testimony of Julia. The Collection " JULIA'S BEAUTIFUL'S DOLLS- HOLY PARIS " is an INVENTION created by the Writer and Translator Julia-Josefa-Patricia SANCHEZ Widow of RUIZ, after nine years of "SCIENCES RESEARCES", since the creation of the company, in 2008, in Paris. Julia created this Linguistic Method in French and she make the translation to English and Spanish. The Pedagogical Method of this Collection is to develop the Peace in the World, to make a transfer of the Catholic Faith, to teach the different Cultures, the Moral Universal values, the Interreligious Cooperation and the Harmony between the United Nations. This Collection has been realized religiously, intellectually and manually for Mrs. Julia-Josefa-Patricia SANCHEZ ARELLANO Widow of RUIZ. Julia makes this Collection of Beautiful Dolls, since 1986, the year that she arrived to Paris, to study the French Civilization in the University "La Sorbonne". To have a Collection of Dolls from many countries of the world, was a dream that she has since she was a little girl of 5 years old. Mrs. Julia SANCHEZ works in Research since nine years ago, to develop, to create her Publishing International Company in Paris, she has never received a Subvention of the French Government, not either of the European Commission, or of the Mayor of Paris. In the year 2010, Mrs. Julia Sanchez appeared to the prize " The Don of Science " organized by the Department of the National Education, of the Higher Education and Researches of France and for not communication, she didn't obtain the Prize. In November, 2013, Mrs. Julia Sanchez has deposited the name of her trademark and in November, 2014, she deposited the Patent of her invention to the National Institute of Industrial Property in order to distinguish her invention from other inventions.

Unravelling the Labyrinth contains essays on a range of German writers including Robert Walser, Franz Kafka, Hölderlin, Theodor Fontane and Friedrich Dürrenmatt. Reflecting the wide range of interests of the recipient, Professor Eric Marson, the focus of the essays is on decoding the metaphorical plane of meaning of the text from a methodological approach of close reading.

Julien VERMEULEN : Hugo Claus à New York (1959) In 1959-1960, Hugo Claus spent six months in the US, Mexico and Cuba. In the course of his trip he wrote down a number of impressions and experiences which he later turned into a cycle of poems, entitled "Reportage" (1961). In terms of contents and style these poems differ from his previous work. Claus now uses a style which is less hermetical : apart from this remarkable transparency, a wide range of ironic expressions, ambivalent idioms, contrasting registers and playful characterisations constitute a lexicological diversity. The great number of assonances and the use of non-literary text registers also characterize these poems. In this way this cycle anticipates later work in which Claus systematically applies diverse collage techniques. The poems "N. Y. 1" and "N. Y. 2" are also an exceptional testimony of the feelings of isolation and vulnerability of the lyrical "I". In 1959-1960 bracht Hugo Claus zes maanden door in de VS, Mexico en Cuba. Tijdens zijn verblijf noteerde hij enkele indrukken en ervaringen die hij later in de gedichtenreeks "Reportage" (1961) uitwerkte. Inhoudelijk en stilistisch wijkt deze poëzie af van zijn vroeger werk. Claus hanteert hier immers een stijl die minder hermetisch is : naast een opmerkelijke transparantie constateren we ook lexicografische diversiteit met allerlei ironische en ondermijnende dubbele bodems, kritische en contrastieve registers, ludieke en spottende typeringen. Ook het grote aantal assonanties en het gebruik van niet-literaire tekstregisters karakteriseren deze gedichten. In die zin anticipeert deze cyclus op zijn later werk waarin hij talrijke collagetechnieken op een systematische wijze toepast. De openingsgedichten "N. Y. 1" en "N. Y. 2" getuigen ook op een uitzonderlijke wijze van het isolement en de kwetsbaarheid van de ik-figuur. Sarah BEEKS : Masscheroen ou trois messieurs nus. L'engagement artistique de Hugo Claus dans les années soixante In the spring of 1968 Hugo Claus was officially charged with public indecency. The fact that he had staged three naked men in his play Masscheroen, could not be tolerated by to the conservative judiciary in Flanders. The lawsuit caused a great fuss within the artistic milieu : art and literature had regularly been censored and something had to be done. Inspired by the activist élan of May '68, Claus and his colleagues chose to act upon their artistic commitment. Through cheerful happenings and poetic protest evenings they fought for the autonomy of art and literature. In het voorjaar van 1968 werd Hugo Claus aangeklaagd wegens openbare zedenschennis. In zijn toneelstuk Masscheroen had hij drie naakte mannen laten optreden en dat kon volgens de conservatieve rechterlijke macht in Vlaanderen niet door de beugel. De zaak leidde tot veel ophef binnen het artistieke milieu : kunst en literatuur werden eind jaren zestig veelvuldig gecensureerd en dat werd niet langer geaccepteerd. Aangestoken door het activistische elan van mei '68 besloten Claus en zijn collega's zich artistiek geëngageerd te tonen. Door middel van vrolijke happenings en poëtische protestavonden bevochten zij de autonomie van kunst en literatuur. Pieter VERSTRAETEN : Le corps du Christ. Le roman A propos de Dédé et le catholicisme Hugo Claus's short novel Omtrent Deedee [With regard to Deedee], which appeared in 1963, can be read in a variety of ways. In general, two slightly antagonistic interpretative models have been dominant so far : whereas the early literary analysis by Julien Weverbergh focuses on the symbolic dimension of the story, a commentator such as Bert Vanheste emphasizes the novel's connection with contemporary social discussions, such as the debates on the democratization of Catholic faith in the context of Vaticanum II (1962-1965). In this article I want to further develop the latter perspective by reading the book primarily as a commentary on Catholic faith, understood in its institutional as well as its ideological dimensions. In particular, I focus on the kind of priesthood the main character Deedee is embodying, on the relation between the priest Deedee and the young homosexual Claude, who seems to represent an alternative kind of priesthood, and on the process of transubstantiation, which plays a major role in all this. Finally, I relate the motif of transubstantiation to Claus's conception of meaning and symbolism. It appears that the religious sacrament as well as the signifying process are based on the interaction between the concrete and material on the one hand and the abstract and ideal on the other. In the end, in Omtrent Deedee, both categories are unmasked as mere social constructs, failing to do what they promise : restoring an original, sacral union or wholeness. Van Hugo Claus' korte roman Omtrent Deedee, verschenen in 1963, zijn heel verschillende interpretaties mogelijk. Grosso modo staan daarbij twee verschillende lectuurmodellen tegenover elkaar. Terwijl de vroege analyse van Julien Weverbergh vooral inzet op de symbolische dimensie van het verhaal, vraagt iemand als Bert Vanheste expliciet aandacht voor de betrokkenheid van de roman op contemporaine maatschappelijke problemen, zoals de discussies rond de democratisering van het katholieke geloof die plaatsvinden in de context van Vaticanum II. In dit artikel wil ik dat tweede perspectief verder uitwerken door Omtrent Deedee in de eerste plaats te lezen als een commentaar op het katholieke geloof, zowel op de institutionele als op de ideologische dimensie ervan. Ik focus daarbij op de aard van het priesterschap van het hoofdpersonage Deedee, op de relatie tussen de geestelijke Deedee en de jonge homoseksueel Claude, die een alternatieve priesterrol op zich neemt, en op het sacrale proces van de transsubstantiatie, dat bij dit alles een cruciale rol lijkt te spelen. Tenslotte verbind ik het motief van de transsubstantiatie met Claus' visie op betekenis en symboliek. Zowel het religieuze sacrament als het proces van betekenisgeving zijn immers gebaseerd op de interacties tussen het concrete en materiële enerzijds en het abstracte en ideële anderzijds. Finaal worden beide categorieën in Omtrent Deedee ontmaskerd als louter sociale constructies die er niet in slagen hun belofte waar te maken en een oorspronkelijke, sacrale eenheid en heelheid te herstellen. Tom SINTOBIN : Raconter en bafouillant, bafouiller en racontant. Traumatisme et narrativité chez Hugo Claus In this article two novels by Hugo Claus are analysed from the perspective of Trauma theory : Desire (1978) and The sorrow of Belgium (1983). Trauma destroys an individual's life-narrative and results in a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. In Desire it is Didi that seems to suffer from it : she lost her human identity and her awareness of time, she is barely able to speek - which means that she has lost the plot that can give her life meaning and coherence. The reader is never told what exactly is the matter : all he gets are flashes, which are not sufficient to tell him the whole story. Moreover, he is confronted with the fact that the language of the novel is very ambiguous. These two characteristics - the unability to get to a fullblown story and the loss of language - the reader shares with a PTSD-patient, which suggests that this novel has a performative aspect : the reader lives through the same drama as that of the characters. In The sorrow of Belgium, uncle Omer is confronted with a malfunctioning language and ability to narrate. His problem manifests itself in repetition and in misunderstandings due to the ambiguity of words. The reader encounters exactly the same problem at the end of the novel, when a passage that seemed rather superficial at first sight in reality turns out to be full of meaning. However, there are characters in this novel whom one would expect to be traumatised that nevertheless do not show the typical characteristics. Above all the father, Staf, talks endlessly about the terrible things that happened to him, even so much that the members of his family are no longer interested. The feeling of the "surplus" of narratives, that are as a consequence not healing any more but aim at hiding something, is a feeling shared by the reader while he is reading this strange novel, which gets in its turn a performative aspect. In dit artikel worden twee romans van Hugo Claus, Het verlangen (1978) en Het verdriet van België (1983) bestudeerd vanuit het perspectief van traumastudies. Daarbij wordt een trauma gedefinieerd als datgene wat het levensnarratief van een individu vernietigt, met een Post Traumatic Stress Disorder tot gevolg. In Het verlangen blijkt Didi's pathologie daar nogal wat kenmerken van te hebben : ze is haar menselijke identiteit kwijt, haar tijdsbesef is ontregeld, ze kan amper nog spreken - zij heeft dus niet langer de beschikking over een levensnarratief dat haar bestaan zinvol en coherent kan maken. De lezer verneemt echter nooit precies wat er aan de hand is : hij krijgt slechts flitsen te zien en komt niet tot een sluitend verhaal. Bovendien wordt hij ermee geconfronteerd dat de taal van de roman wel heel meerzinnig wordt. Deze beide kenmerken - het onvermogen om tot een verhaal te komen en het verlies van taal - deelt de lezer met een PTSD-patiënt, zodat het verhaal in overdrachtelijke zin performatief is geworden : de lezer ondervindt het drama van de personages aan den lijve. Ook in Het verdriet van België komt er een personage voor wiens taal en verhalend vermogen hapert : Nonkel Omer. Zijn aandoening uit zich onder meer in herhaling en in misverstanden door dubbelzinnige woorden en blijkt ook de lezer parten te spelen wanneer die zich tegen het einde van de roman met een ogenschijnlijk anekdotische maar in werkelijkheid uitermate beladen passage geconfronteerd ziet. Nochtans zijn er ook personages waarvan men zou kunnen aannemen dat ze getraumatiseerd zijn zonder dat ze de kenmerken van een PTSD vertonen : vooral vader Staf vertelt honderduit over wat hem is overkomen, zelfs in die mate dat zijn verhalen niet meer interessant gevonden worden door zijn huisgenoten. Het gevoel van de overdaad aan verhalen, die niet langer heilzaam zijn maar iets verbergen, maakt zich ook van de lezer meester bij zijn lectuur van deze vreemde roman. Het verdriet van België heeft zodoende op zijn beurt iets performatiefs. Dirk VAN HULLE : Claus et la narratologie exogénétique. La cognition externe (extended mind) et les notes de lecture autour du Chagrin des Belges This article combines genetic criticism with a post-Cartesian approach to cognitive narratology, notably to the examination of literary evocations of the fictional mind. The case study is the genesis of Hugo Claus' novel Het verdriet van België. The exogenetic analysis of two extant notebooks shows how the author's reading notes contribute not just to the fictional cosmology of the novel, but also to the cognitive cosmology of the characters' 'extended' minds. The article argues that for Claus, as for many twentieth-century authors, the materiality of the avant-texte served as a cognitive model for the evocation of the workings of the fictional mind. Dit artikel combineert tekstgenetisch onderzoek met een post-Cartesiaanse benadering van de cognitieve narratologie, in het bijzonder het onderzoek naar vormen van literaire bewustzijnsrepresentatie. De gevalstudie is de genese van Hugo Claus' roman Het verdriet van België. Uit de exogenetische analyse van twee bewaard gebleven notitieboeken blijkt hoe de lectuurnotities bijdragen, niet alleen tot de fictionele kosmologie van de roman, maar ook tot de cognitieve kosmologie van personages en hun "extended mind" . Het artikel argumenteert dat voor Claus, net als voor heel wat twintigste-eeuwse auteurs, de materialiteit van de avant-texte heeft gefungeerd als cognitief model voor literaire bewustzijnsrepresentatie. Malgorzata DUBROWSKA : Die mythische Welt Anna Seghers'. Literarische Bilder aus dem französischen Exil Alongside her journalistic undertakings, literary works by Anna Seghers left trajectories of her residence as an immigrant in France between the years 1933-1941. In her literary works, the writer often depicted in a metaphorical way the world of immigration experiences : Sense of instability, isolation, life intimidations and also consciousness of replication of the immigrant' destiny. She brought a universal literary vision that corresponded to the biblical tradition and the world of the Greek and Roman mythologies. The author of this article, based on the selected literary works of Anna Seghers that were created in France, catalogues the universal experiences of the existence of the human kind, that in Seghers' works become mythical. Les textes littéraires d'Anna Seghers, qui complètent son activité publicistique, où elle décrit d'une manière métaphorique ses expériences d'expatriée, en disent long sur les années de son exil en France (1939-1941). La précarité, l'isolement, le danger de mort et la conscience de réitération de l'existence d'exilé font naître une vision littéraire universelle qui puise tant dans la tradition biblique que dans les mythologies grecque et romaine. A travers les textes littéraires retenus, issus de la période française, l'auteur de la présente contribution tente de concrétiser cette expérience atemporelle de l'existence humaine à laquelle Seghers donne une dimension mythique.

This study offers a revaluation of the works of Peter Altenberg, a neglected writer of the Viennese "Jahrhundertwende", who influenced such diverse figures as Karl Kraus, Robert Musil, Rainer Maria Rilke, Franz Kafka and Georg Kaiser. Presenting Altenberg within the context of Vienna at the turn of the century, it provides a comprehensive analysis of his thought, literary theory and practice. It examines : his socio-cultural critique ; his blueprint for a new society ; the principle of aesthetic reductionism which he pioneered ; his conception of woman ; and his presentation of modern man's existential crisis.

In Les Structures Elémentaires de la Parenté, the early opus magnum of French Structuralism, Lévi-Strauss tries to explain the systems of kinship and-marriage in their enormous diversity and their frequently bizarre institutions, by means of a single principle: the exchange. Exchange is perceived to be the manifestation of fundamental structural constants of the human mind which may also be discerned in other subsystems of culture, most obviously in language. This book represents the first great result of the author's life-long research, dedicated to exploring this relationship, which also led him into the fields of the classification-systems of language and of mythology.

This book examines the early work of Harriet Martineau (1802-1876), writer, journalist and woman of letters. She became famous in the 1830s with her Illustrations of Political Economy, a series of 25 short novels popularizing the basic principles of Political Economy. Also discussed are her two shorter series of tales from that period, Poor Laws and Paupers Illustrated and Illustrations of Taxation. With these works Martineau took part in an intense debate about the role of economic theory in English society. Drawing on such authorities as Adam Smith Martineau offered her readers the possibility of understanding the impact of the Industrial Revolution and its concomitant changes.

With the sequencing of several entire genomes, including that of Caenorhabditis elegans, completed, the stage is set for the next phase of "large-scale" biology, the identification of the functionality of, and the interplay between, all genes and their protein products. The aim of the ESRF Workshop 29 and hence of this book was to review the models, the powerful methodology, and selected achievements of developmental biology, which has in the past two decades not only unveiled basic molecular mechanisms of ontogenesis, but also made important contributions to deciphering signal transduction path-ways with general relevance to adult vertebrate physiology and ultimately to understanding mechanisms of pathogenesis.

Originally just an offshoot of nuclear physics, neutron physics soon became a branch of physics in its own right. It deals with the movement of neutrons in nuclear reactors and all the nuclear reactions they trigger there, particularly the fission of heavy nuclei which starts a chain reaction to produce energy. Neutron Physics covers the whole range of knowledge of this complex science, discussing the basics of neutron physics and some principles of neutron physics calculations. Because neutron physics is the essential part of reactor physics, it is the main subject taught to students of Nuclear Engineering. This book takes an instructional approach for that purpose. Neutron Physics is also intended for all physicists and engineers involved in development or operational aspects of nuclear power.

Lessons in Beauty explores the connections between art and education, and, more specifically, the links among the art of painting, the training of artists and the education of adults. From a historical point of view, five kinds of relationships are examined in this volume. In each case, one can speak of 'lessons in beauty', be it the transmission of moral messages through visual means, the professional training of painters, the aesthetic edification of the working class, the educational activities of museums or the attempts to indoctrinate adults in matters of art. Growing attention to these and similar topics can be explained by an increasing interest in the aesthetic element within contemporary postmodern society. In each essay, therefore, an association is made with present-day developments and ideas.

This thesis grew out of an epistemological interest centered on the search for meaning in literature, and out of a reading of Australian novels. Reaching beyond signification, the creation of meaning in literature refers to the significance a text acquires for the recipient's existence. The potential of this meaningfulness fluctuates between a process of explanation, of uncovering hidden meaning, and deception. Assuming that this range is best demonstrated in the literary treatment of negative experiences in human existence, of pain and suffering, we analyse how Australian novelists and critics set paradigms of meaning against the "Non-Sense" in experienced reality, who and what the agents of meaningfulness in Australian literature are, how they relate to each other and how they affect our reading experience.

This book of Michel Innocent Peya is devoted to the Congo Basin, the second largest reserve in the world : its natural ressources, its mysteries, legal and institutional frameworks, national, subregional and international levels that protect it. The basin of Congo is an African opportunity for the whole world. Its preservation and its protection over time are an action of conscience, will, commitment, determination and sacrifices for the benefit of humanity. Nature cannot be defending alone ; the Congo Basin finds among his children in love with nature a spokesperson or a soulmate in the person of the President of the Republic of Congo, Denis Sassou N'Guesso. He is one with nature. This is why, time and time again, he cries out against the abusive and irrational exploitation of the Earth, which is the source of delayed natural disasters, irreversible, and mass destruction : the Bomb "N". This saving son of the world demonstrates his involvement by his career and his advocacy at several international, subregional and national summits on protection of the global environment. This book puts in the world place the intrinsic qualities of its international environmental policy, an arduous fight for thirty years for the preservation of nature, the balance of global climate. It plays the role of a climatoecological pivot in the Congo Basin subregion. His climate leadership is the result of coordinated sectoral planned policies, implemented, objectives clearly defined and adapted, credible and effective diplomacy. His sacrifices for humanity, its dedication to the cause of our planet and its management for the future of humanity and future generations give it the status of patrimonium of mankind. Protector as well as defender of the Congo Basin, he receives the blows and the backlash from mafia networks who wish to illegally exploit the huge ressources of this part of the Earth. It reveals to the donor community climatic conditions and to all human civilization the opportunities offered by the Congo (ecotourism, development of the pharmaceutical industry and the market Common Forest of Central African Countries). Peat bogs constitute for the Congo Basin the largest terrestrial reserve of organic carbon. They store twice as much carbon as other forests in the world. He calls on the conscience of climate hinders, because the peat bog is an essential source of ecological stability, a precious reserve of carbon and the cradle of unique flora and fauna to the world and its survival also requires the integration of local communities' indigenous peoples through sustainable projects. This book is a reference tool for understanding and analyzing the basin of Congo, its natural wealth, its legal and institutional framework, in the dynamics of climate-political leadership and its myriad opportunities for the planet. As a result, the author believes that the achievement of these objectives is dependent on climate-political leadership that the Congo Basin space exerts in the concert nations. As it is said in Africa, one finger cannot wash the whole face.

This book assembles the revised papers of an international conference and thus offers a comprehensive comparative overview of the participation and litigation rights of environmental associations in Europe. This is supplemented by a compilation of the relevant statutory law in force. Besides the legal background, the focus of interest is above all on practical experience with participation and litigation rights from the point of view of the environmental associations.The contributions show that the effectivity of group actions is extremely high. In none of the analysed countries were there the slightest indications of any undue strain being placed on the judicial system by this instrument. There can be no doubt that the participation and litigation rights of environmental organizations are important instruments in reducing the enforcement deficit in environmental protection. With a view to the fact that Europe is growing more and more into one entity, the need of participation of environmental NGO's on the European level becomes a pressing necessity.

Amedeo Modigliani (1884-1920) was one of the many and diverse talents who were drawn to Paris in the early years of this century, making the city a vibrant but pressurized environment for artistic expression. A legend grew up around Modigliani, who, along with others, engendered the concept of the peintre maudit- the accursed painter - whose poverty corruption and excess were the very seeds from which his remarkable works of art were conceived. Unlike the Italian Futurists, who stormed at their own overwhelming tradition, -Modigliani seemed to sense the possibility of returning to it for renewal. His interpretation of a central theme of the tradition, the reclining female nude, produced a series of uniquely beautiful works, outstanding in the grace and harmony of their linear designs and the quality of their colour. Nudes, portraits and studies of a surprising range of personalities and psychological types are represented in this ideal introduction to the artist, as is a selection of his remarkable stone carvings, of which about 25 survive.

The health of the people in the developing world is a major concern of Tropical Medical Societies of the temperate zones. Tropical medicine as an applied science has been dealing mainly with "tropical diseases." But health and diseases have many dimensions, some of which so far have not found sufficient attention of the scientific world, e.g. planning of adequate health care, medical-anthropological and socio-cultural factors operating between a health care system and the populations to be served, or the very basic problem of nutrition and its interaction with health and development. Therefore, it was felt that European tropical societies should once join forces and organize a meeting for the discussion of particularly those issues. The topics were : Health care utilization, coverage and cost of primary care, medical pluralism and concepts of diseases in traditional societies, which all are linked at the level of the provider of primary care and his clientel. Concepts of nutrition particularly during child bearing are the root of many health problems and interact with certain diarroeal and other infectious diseases.

"Understanding Human Nature : The Psychology of Personality" is a seminal work by Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychiatrist and psychotherapist. Published in 1927, this book presents Adler's theories on personality and human behavior, which laid the foundation for the school of individual psychology. In the book, Adler explores the fundamental aspects of human nature, including the dynamics of personality development, the influence of social factors, and the significance of individual experiences and perceptions. He emphasizes the importance of understanding the subjective experiences of individuals and how they shape their behavior and worldview. One of Adler's key concepts is the "inferiority complex, " which he argues is a driving force behind human behavior. He suggests that individuals strive for superiority to overcome feelings of inferiority, and that these efforts shape their personality and motivations. "Understanding Human Nature" offers insights into various aspects of human psychology, including the formation of personality traits, the role of early childhood experiences, and the impact of societal influences. Adler's holistic approach to understanding human behavior continues to influence psychology and psychotherapy to this day.

The comparative Reader, with authors from 6 continents and 9 countries analyses, to what extent the nation concept is still at the heart of international organizations and agreements, under which circumstances nationalism rose in specific regions and cultures at different times, and, to what extent education was influenced by or used for nationalistic doctrines and policies. Case studies as well as systematic analyses illustrate, that education can hardly change its own socioeconomic and political context. However, education and educational policy can support a prevention of and balance to nationalism in the long run, if they counteract stereotyping and scapegoating, familiarize with overlapping and competing loyalties, and, encourage human rights, international cooperation and cultural relationalism.

Lonely Planet's Mauritius, Reunion and Seychelles is our most comprehensive guide that extensively covers all the country has to offer, with recommendations for both popular and lesser-known experiences. Hike through Cirque de Mafate, relax in the waters of Denis Island, dive to the rock formations off Mauritius ; all with your trusted travel companion. Inside Lonely Planet's Mauritius, Reunion and Seychelles Travel Guide : Lonely Planet's Top Picks - a visually inspiring collection of the destination's best experiences and where to have them Itineraries help you build the ultimate trip based on your personal needs and interests Local insights give you a richer, more rewarding travel experience - whether it's history, people, music, landscapes, wildlife, politics Eating and drinking - get the most out of your gastronomic experience as we reveal the regional dishes and drinks you have to try Diving and Hiking in Réunion Toolkit - all of the planning tools for solo travellers, LGBTQIA+ travellers, family travellers and accessible travel Colour maps and images throughout Language - essential phrases and language tips Insider tips to save time and money and get around like a local, avoiding crowds and trouble spots Covers ort Louis, Central Plateau, Grand Baie, Flic en Flac, Rodrigues, St-Denis, the Cirques, St-Pierre, Mahe, Praslin, La Digue and more

This book surveys the major theological writings of Hans Urs von Balthasar from the perspective of the relationship between finite and infinite freedom. The first part examines Balthasar's early treatment of the question in the context of the analogy of being. The second part concentrates on his more mature work, the Theological Dramatics, with its understanding of the relationship between finite and infinite freedom in terms of a 'dramatic encounter' in which, controversially, human freedom is thought to actively participate in an ever-greater exchange of love in God. But this book is more than a survey. Observing the persistence of the 'analogy of proportionality' within the Dramatics leads the author in the third part to a critique of Balthasar's thought. It is argued that the continuation of the earlier perspective explains Balthasar's emphasis on the freedom of the individual to the neglect of social structures and their transformation. While the 'historical' as such is not neglected, as some claim it is, the focus is on the history of the individual and his or her relationship with God. It is therefore contended that Balthasar's theology of the Trinity is more concerned with 'interpersonal' relationships than truly 'social' ones and that this is what inhibits a fruitful dialogue with social theologies.

The year 1897 was marked by two important mathematical events: the publication of the first paper on representations of finite groups by Ferdinand Georg Frobenius ( 1849-1917) and the appearance of the first treatise in English on the theory of finite groups by William Burnside (1852-1927). Burnside soon developed his own approach to representations of finite groups. In the next few years, working independently, Frobenius and Burnside explored the new subject and its applications to finite group theory. They were soon joined in this enterprise by Issai Schur (1875-194 1) and some years later, by Richard Brauer (1901-1977). These mathematicians' pioneering research is the subject of this book. It presents an account of the early history of representation theory through an analysis of the published work of the principals and others with whom the principals' work was interwoven. Also included are biographical sketches and enough mathematics to enable readers to follow the development of the subject. An introductory chapter contains some of the results involving characters of finite abelian groups by Lagrange, Gauss, and Dirichlet, which were part of the mathematical tradition from which Frobenius drew his inspiration. This book presents the early history of an active branch of mathematics. It includes enough detail to enable readers to learn the mathematics along with the history. The volume would be a suitable text for a course on representations of finite groups, particularly one emphasizing an historical point of view.